Rabu, 23 Mei 2012

Obligation/Necessity


Obligation/Necessity

Some expressions commonly used to express obligations are as follows:
·         I must try it again.
·         Do  you have to go now? Yes, I do.
·         I have to keep it.
·         You have to come on time.
·         It is necessary for us to be there.

But, if you think it is not a necessary thing, you can say:
·         You don’t have to go now.
·         He doesn’t have to do it.
·         You don’t need to go to school because it’s a holiday.
·         It is not necessary for us to go now.

  1. Positive Obligations
1. S +must+verb
            Example: I must save my money.
2. S+have/has to+verb
     Examples:         You have to come on time.
                                He has to meet the manager at 7 a.m.
3. S+need to+verb
     Examples: I need to visit the landslide victims.
                        He needs to look at the map.

  1. Negative Obligations
S+must not+ verb
Example: You must not smoke here.
  1. No Obligation
1.       S+don’t have+verb
Example: You don’t have to go to school because it’s a holiday.
2.       S+don’t need to+verb
Example: You don’t need to do it.

  1. Past Obligation
S+had to+verb
Example: I had to take part in the meeting last night.
Note:

Ø  Must is stronger than have to and indicates urgency or stresses importance
e.g.: They have to attend the Flag Ceremony at 7 a.m.
                  The leader must be a model.
Ø  do not have to = lack of necessity      
e.g.: She doesn’t have to work overtime if she can finish her work now.
Ø  must not = prohibition                                                               
You mustn’t tell anyone what I said.




 
 








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